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Food Webs
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Last updated in September, 2000

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      Most people understand what a food chain is, and a food chain is a very simple way of looking at a bigger picture called a food web. A food web is made up of all the different plants and animals that have an effect on one another by their feeding habits. A group of food chains meshed together make a food web. 
      About 40 percent of the energy of aquatic plants is lost through respiring, growing, reproducing, and waste removal. Seventy-five percent of the energy of herbivores is lost through eating, respiring, waste removal, molting, growing, and reproducing. First-order carnivores waste 55% of their energy in their normal body activities. Thus a given food chain can support many more herbivores than carnivores. 
 
1. Describe how organisms are related to each other in a food web.
2. Give examples of how factors that impact one part of a food web can also affect its other parts.
3. If the herbivores were taken out of a food web by a disaster, what would happen to the producers and the carnivores?
4. If a new organism came into the environment and held the same position in the food web as a native organism, consider all the possibilities of what might happen. Are all non-native species bad for the food web?
 
1. Farm pond management tips
2. The Impact of Hydrodynamic Transport and Zebra Mussel Filtering on Pelagic Food Webs
3. Foodchain Contamination of Edible Fish Through Zebra Mussel- Directed Trophic Transfer
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1. Great Lakes Instructional Materials for the Changing Earth System
  • What happens to Euglena populations when their environment changes?
  •  2. Earth Systems - Education Activities for Great Lakes Schools (ES-EAGLS)

        Life in the Great Lakes

  • What does a biomass pyramid tell us? 
  • What is a food web? 
  • What factors affect the size of a natural population? 
  • How can a natural fish population be managed? 
  • 3. Global Change in the Great Lakes Scenarios
  • How could fish populations in the Great Lakes be affected?
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    Source: The Great Lakes: 
    An Environmental Atlas and Resource Book

     
    1. The Great Lakes: An Environmental Atlas and Resource Book
    http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/atlas/glat-ch4.html#7

    2. Canada's Aquatic Environments
    http://www.aquatic.uoguelph.ca/

    3. Sea World's Food Web Wonder Page
    http://www.seaworld.org/Key_West/foodweb.html

    4. Food web simulations for IBM
    http://www.dmu.dk/PublicFiles/foodweb.htm

    5. Definition and brief description
    http://www.smalltown.com/goals2000/projects/foodweb.htm


    Copyright 1999. Ohio Sea Grant College Program and Earth Systems Education Program of The Ohio State University

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